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Original Research
Effectiveness of school-based CPR training among adolescents to enhance knowledge and skills in CPR: A systematic review
Submitted: 04 April 2022 | Published: 18 November 2022
About the author(s)
Nombulelo E. Zenani, Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South AfricaBashir Bello, Lifestyle Disease Research Entity, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
Matsipane Molekodi, Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
Ushotanefe Useh, Lifestyle Disease Research Entity, Faculty of Health Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
Abstract
Background: Cardiac arrest is responsible for 5% – 10% of all deaths among children age 5–19 years; therefore, strategies to prevent poor outcomes post cardiac arrest among children are critical within schools.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training on CPR knowledge and skills among adolescent school children.
Method: This systematic review was conducted and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The complete bibliographic databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched from January 2012 to August 2021. Included studies met all the eligibility criteria. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (EPHPP) and Mixed Method Appraisal tool were used to appraise the quality of the included studies.
Results: Fourteen studies were included in the review, and 5418 participants were found in the databases. The studies were mainly conducted during the last decade, which suggests that the public’s attention has been directed toward training schoolchildren in CPR. The most common interventions were taught in video simulation training courses. They also used subjective assessments to evaluate the participants’ knowledge and skills.
Conclusion: Findings from this systematic review reveal that CPR training within school settings effectively promoted a change in CPR knowledge and skills among adolescents. Hence, continuous training of CPR among schoolchildren should be encouraged by policymakers, school authorities, parents and teachers to optimise the prompt usage of the skills in any cardiac event. However, a high-quality randomised controlled trial would enhance the strength of evidence in this area.
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